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U.S. & Canada (226)
International (120)

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Category: Bicyclists (6)

Subcategory: None (6)

Countermeasure: Replacement of traditional intersection with roundabout with a grade separated cycle path

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.56	44		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	1.31	-31		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Replacement of traditional intersection with roundabout with cycle lanes

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.93	-93		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	1.37	-37		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Replacement of traditional intersection with roundabout with separated cycle path

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.83	17		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	1.42	-42		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Daniels et al., 2009	The number of crashes in … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Category: Interchange design (18)

Subcategory: None (18)

Countermeasure: Convert to roundabout interchanges

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.047	-4.7		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for fatal … [read more]

	1.067	-6.7		All	O (property damage only)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for PDO … [read more]

	1.066	-6.6		All	All	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for all … [read more]

	0.756	24.4		All	All	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for all … [read more]

	0.769	23.1		All	O (property damage only)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for PDO … [read more]

	0.672	32.8		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for fatal … [read more]

	1.288	-28.8		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for fatal … [read more]

	1.336	-33.6		All	O (property damage only)	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for PDO … [read more]

	1.333	-33.3		All	All	All	Claros et al., 2018	This CMF is for all … [read more]

	0.351	64.9		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.671	32.9		All	O (property damage only)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.604	39.6		All	All		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.594	40.6		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.528	47.2		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.822	17.8		All	All		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	1.137	-13.7		All	O (property damage only)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.954	4.6		All	All		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

	0.942	5.8		All	O (property damage only)		Boris Claros, Beau Burdett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2021	AADT on exit ramps were … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Category: Intersection geometry (314)

Subcategory: Other (37)

Countermeasure: Change roundabout circulating sight distance from X to Y

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	F(x)	F(x)		Rear end	All	Not specified	Angelastro, 2010	Note: This CMF applies to … [read more]

	F(x)	F(x)		All	All	Not specified	Angelastro, 2010

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Change roundabout intersection sight distance from X to Y

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	F(x)	F(x)		Run off road	All		Angelastro, 2010	Note: CMF applies only to … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Roundabout geometry

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for injury crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for injury crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for non-injury (PDO) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for injury crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for non-injury (PDO) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for non-injury (PDO) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for injury crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for non-injury (PDO) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	All	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for total crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for non-injury (PDO) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Anjana and Anjaneyulu, 2015	CMF function for injury crashes … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for number of legs … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for number of entering … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for number of entering … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for number of exiting … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for number of exiting … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for entry width on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for entry width on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for exit width on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for exit width on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for entry radius on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for entry radius on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for exit radius on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for exit radius on … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for presence of fixed … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for circulatory roadway width … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for weaving length (m) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for weaving width (m) … [read more]

	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for diameter of the … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Subcategory: Intersection geometry reconfiguration (277)

Countermeasure: Conversion of intersection into high-speed roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.59	41		All	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020

	0.21	79		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.04	96		Other	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0.38	62		Other	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0.62	38		All	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.57	43		All	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.17	83		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.21	79		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.15	85		Other	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0.45	55		Other	All	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0	100		Other	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0.05	95		Other	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Bagley, D.L., 2020	This CMF is for Frontal … [read more]

	0.659	34.13		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-yearbefore and … [read more]

	0.506	49.38		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-yearbefore and … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of intersection into low-speed roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.473	52.73		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-yearbefore and … [read more]

	1.099	-9.94		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-yearbefore and … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of intersection into multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.367	63.28		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	1.062	-6.23		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	2.29	-129		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	All-way stop to multi-lane roundabout … [read more]

	3.06	-206		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Traffic circle to multi-lane roundabout … [read more]

	0.79	21		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Two-way stop to multi-lane roundabout … [read more]

	0.99	1		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Signal to multi-lane roundabout The … [read more]

	0.8	20		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Unknown intersection type to multi-lane … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of intersection into single-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.53	47		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	0.75	25		All	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mAll … [read more]

	0.41	59		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.52	48		All	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mAll … [read more]

	0.66	34		Other	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.51	49		Other	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.64	35.98		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	1.06	-6		All	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	0.85	15		All	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	1.34	-34		All	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	0.78	22		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	0.81	19		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	0.68	32		All	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.54	46		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.94	6		All	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	2.73	-173		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	1.88	-88		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	2.24	-124		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	1.75	-75		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	1.1	-10		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mCentral … [read more]

	2.03	-103		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=0 to 1.9mAll … [read more]

	0.71	29		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=20 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.38	62		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.69	31		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0.56	44		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mAll … [read more]

	2.02	-102		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	2.33	-133		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	1.48	-48		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0.36	64		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	1.98	-98		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0.55	45		Other	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.67	33		Other	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.72	28		Other	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.61	39		Other	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	2.25	-125		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	1.02	-2		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0.19	81		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0.85	15		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0.42	58		Other	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.52	48		Other	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.48	52		Other	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	0.54	46		Other	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: all except bicycleType … [read more]

	2.67	-167		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	3.39	-239		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	2.89	-189		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	0.53	47		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	0.5	50		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	2.33	-133		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	0.73	27		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.84	16		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.78	22		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.39	61		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.39	61		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.67	33		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	2.62	-162		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	1.2	-20		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	1.53	-53		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	1.11	-11		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	1.11	-11		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	1.48	-48		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	0.92	8		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.44	56		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.57	43		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	1.44	-44		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	1.44	-44		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.72	28		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0	100		All	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0	100		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Urban	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Central island height=2 to 10mCentral … [read more]

	0	100		Vehicle/bicycle	All	Rural	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility at … [read more]

	0	100		Vehicle/bicycle	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Type of bicycle facility: Cycle … [read more]

	0	100		Other	All	All	Jensen, S. U., 2017	Crash type: All except bicycle … [read more]

	0.818	18.2		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	1.15	-15		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	All-way stop to single lane … [read more]

	0.5	50		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Traffic circle to single lane … [read more]

	0.97	3		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Two-way stop to single lane … [read more]

	0.97	3		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Signal to single lane roundabout … [read more]

	1.04	-4		All	All	Not specified	Zhang and Wang, 2017	Unknown intersection type to single … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.346	-34.6		All	All	All	, 2011	This CMF includes effects from … [read more]

	0.583	41.7		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	This CMF includes effects from … [read more]

	1.002	-0.2		All	All	All	, 2011	Does not include triple lane … [read more]

	0.488	51.2		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	Does not include triple lane … [read more]

	0.623	37.7		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.613	38.7		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.642	35.8		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.509	49.1		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.512	48.8		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.467	53.3		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.503	49.7		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.495	50.5		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.549	45.1		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.403	59.7		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.405	59.5		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.391	60.9		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.439	56.1		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.433	56.7		All	All	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.313	68.7		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.309	69.1		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Gbologah et al., 2019	Applies to the conversion of … [read more]

	0.465	53.5		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Boris Claros, Erynn Schroeder, Kentin Brummett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2022

	0.96	4		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.64	36		All	B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.42	58		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.55	-55		All	All	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.67	-67		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.93	7		All	B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.33	67		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.82	18		All	All	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.02	-2		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.56	44		All	B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.37	63		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For single-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.62	-62		All	All	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.6	-60		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.89	11		All	B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	0.16	84		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Mamlouk and Souliman, 2019	For double-lane roundabout. Change in … [read more]

	1.307	-30.7		All	O (property damage only)	Not specified	Boris Claros, Erynn Schroeder, Kentin Brummett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2022

	0.962	3.8		All	All	Not specified	Boris Claros, Erynn Schroeder, Kentin Brummett, Madhav Chitturi, Andrea Bill, and David A. Noyce, 2022

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of no control/yield intersection into single- or multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0	100		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	1.242	-24.18		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of signal-controlled intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.975	-97.5		All	All	All	, 2011	THREE-LANE roundabout … [read more]

	0.783	21.7		All	All	All	, 2011

	0.3	70		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011

	0.801	19.9		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	THREE-LANE roundabout … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of signalized intersection into single- or multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.65	35		All	All	Urban	Persaud et al., 2001

	0.26	74		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Persaud et al., 2001

	0.81	19		All	All	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Conversion to 2-lane roundabout … [read more]

	1.92	-92		All	All	Not specified	Russo et al., 2014

	0.29	71		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Conversion to 2 lane roundabout … [read more]

	0.74	26		All	All	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Conversion to one lane roundabout … [read more]

	0.45	55		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Conversion to one lane roundabout … [read more]

	1.16	-16		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Russo et al., 2014

	1.035	-3.5		All	All	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	The major road was a … [read more]

	0.659	34.1		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	The major road was a … [read more]

	1.132	-13.2		All	O (property damage only)	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	The major road was a … [read more]

	0.72	28		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	De Pauw et al., 2014	Comparison group 1 (black spots … [read more]

	0.955	4.54		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	0.348	65.21		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of stop-controlled intersection into multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.95	5		All	All	Urban	Persaud et al., 2001

	2.073	-107.3		All	All	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	Multilane roundabout on a two-lane … [read more]

	0.004	99.6		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	Multilane roundabout on a two-lane … [read more]

	6.016	-501.6		All	O (property damage only)	Not specified	Hu et al., 2014	Multilane roundabout on a two-lane … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of stop-controlled intersection into single-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.28	72		All	All	Urban	Persaud et al., 2001

	0.42	58		All	All	Rural	Persaud et al., 2001

	0.12	88		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Persaud et al., 2001

	0.18	82		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Persaud et al., 2001

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of stop-controlled intersection to mini roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.8	20		All	All	All	Mishra et al., 2022

	0.39	61		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Mishra et al., 2022

	1.08	-8		All	O (property damage only)	All	Mishra et al., 2022

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of stop-controlled intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.117	-11.7		All	All	All	, 2011	Includes interchange and non-interchange locations … [read more]

	0.558	44.2		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	Includes interchange and non-interchange locations … [read more]

	0.419	58.1		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	At interchange locations ONLY … [read more]

	1.095	-9.5		All	All	All	, 2011	At NON-interchange locations ONLY … [read more]

	0.581	41.9		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011	At NON-interchange locations ONLY … [read more]

	1.247	-24.7		All	All	All	, 2011	At interchange locations ONLY … [read more]

	1.026	-2.6		All	All	All	, 2011

	0.636	36.4		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	, 2011

	0.38	62		All	All	Not specified	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014

	0.29	71		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Conversion of two-way stop-controlled intersection into single- or multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.751	24.89		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	0.65	35.03		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert all-way, stop-controlled intersection to mini roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	3.25	-225		All	All	All	Mishra et al., 2022

	3.83	-283		All	O (property damage only)	All	Mishra et al., 2022

	1.74	-74		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Mishra et al., 2022

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert all-way, stop-controlled intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.03 ^[I]	-3		All	All	All	Rodegerdts et al., 2007

	0.544	45.6		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

	1.114	-11.36		All	All	All	Qin et al., 2013	- Study included three-year before … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert high-speed rural intersection (3 leg) to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.74	26		All	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.28	72		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert high-speed rural intersection (4 leg) to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.32	68		All	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.12	88		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.26	74		All	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.11	89		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	1.41	-41		All	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.4	60		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert high-speed rural intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.33	67		All	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.13	87		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	0.17	83		Angle	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.85	15		Rear end	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.09	91		Angle	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.54	46		Rear end	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	2.79	-179		Sideswipe	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012

	4.66	-366		Fixed object	All	Rural	Isebrands, 2012	The number of crashes in … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.28	72		All	K (fatal)	Not specified	Elvik, R., 2017	Includes single and double lane … [read more]

	0.56	44		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Elvik, R., 2017	Includes single and double lane … [read more]

	0.35	65		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Schoon and van Minnen, 1994	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.58	42		All	O (property damage only)		Schoon and van Minnen, 1994	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.27	73		Vehicle/pedestrian	All		Schoon and van Minnen, 1994	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.27	73		Vehicle/pedestrian	All		Schoon and van Minnen, 1994	The number of crashes in … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert intersection with minor-road stop control to modern roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.56 ^[B]	44		All	All	All	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.18 ^[B]	82		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.29 ^[B]	71		All	All	Rural	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.13 ^[B]	87		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.71 ^[B]	29		All	All	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.19 ^[B]	81		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.61 ^[B]	39		All	All	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.22 ^[B]	78		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.68 ^[B]	32		All	All	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.29 ^[B]	71		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.22 ^[B]	78		All	All	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.22 ^[B]	78		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.81 ^[B]	19		All	All	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.32 ^[B]	68		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

	0.28	72		All	All	Urban and suburban	Sun et al., 2018	This CMF is for converting … [read more]

	0.88 ^[I]	12		All	All	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed from "convert … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert signalized intersection to modern roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.79	21		All	All	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.34	66		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.58	42		All	All	Suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.76	24		All	All	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.792	20.8		All	All	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.342	65.8		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.809	19.1		All	All	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.288	71.2		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.735	26.5		All	All	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.451	54.9		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.576	42.4		All	All	Suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.259	74.1		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.445	55.5		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.37	63		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.759	24.1		All	All	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.338	66.2		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.4 ^[B]	60		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed to match … [read more]

	0.33 ^[B]	67		All	All	Suburban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed to match … [read more]

	0.52 ^[B]	48		All	All	All	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed to match … [read more]

	0.22 ^[B]	78		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed to match … [read more]

	0.26	74		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	1.15	-15		All	All	Urban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.45	55		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	1.07	-7		All	All	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.37	63		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.34	66		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Gross et al., 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	1.15	-15		All	All	Urban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	1.066	-6.6		All	All	Urban and suburban	Srinivasan, et al., 2011	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.68	32		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.87	13		All	A (serious injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.69	31		All	B (minor injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.99 ^[B]	1		All	All	Urban	Rodegerdts et al., 2007	Countermeasure name changed to match … [read more]

	0.625	37.5		All	All	Rural	Uddin, Headrick, and Sullivan, 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

	0.4	60		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Uddin, Headrick, and Sullivan, 2012	Countermeasure name has been slightly … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert signalized intersection to multi-lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	3.333	-233.3		All	O (property damage only)	Urban and suburban	, 2018

	0.8	20		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	, 2018

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.61	39		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007

	1.48	-48		Vehicle/bicycle	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Daniels et al., 2008

	1.27	-27		Vehicle/bicycle	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Daniels et al., 2008

	0.83	17		All	A (serious injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.62	38		All	B (minor injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	1.77	-77		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Urban	Daniels et al., 2008

	1.01	-1		Vehicle/bicycle	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Daniels et al., 2008

	1.21	-21		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	Rural	Daniels et al., 2008

	1.44	-44		Vehicle/bicycle	K (fatal),A (serious injury)	All	Daniels et al., 2008

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Convert unsignalized intersection to roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.56	44		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007

	0.8	20		All	A (serious injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.54	46		All	B (minor injury)	Not specified	De Brabander and Vereeck, 2007	The number of crashes in … [read more]

	0.87	13		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	De Pauw et al., 2014	Comparison group 1 (black spots … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Install single lane roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.213	78.7		All	All		Fortuijn, 2009

	0.319	68.1		All	All		Fortuijn, 2009

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Install turbo roundabout

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.239	76.1		All	All		Fortuijn, 2009

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Category: Speed management (8)

Subcategory: None (8)

Countermeasure: Change speed limit

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	F(x)			All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	CMFunction for speed limit (kph) … [read more]

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

Countermeasure: Transverse bar pavement marking at roundabout approaches

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.43	57		Speed related	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.53	47		Speed related	Not specified	Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.26	74		Speed related		Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.48	52		Speed related		Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.34	66		Speed related	Not specified	Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.32	68		Speed related,Wet road	Not specified	Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

	0.55	45		Speed related	Not specified	Not specified	Griffin and Reinhardt, 1996

*NOTE: You can compare CMFs across countermeasures, subcategories, and categories.

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CRASH MODIFICATION FACTORS CLEARINGHOUSE

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